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ScyllaDB Docs ScyllaDB Open Source ScyllaDB for Administrators Security Generating a self-signed Certificate Chain Using openssl

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Generating a self-signed Certificate Chain Using openssl¶

For local communication, self-signed certificates and a private trust store are usually sufficient for securing communication. Indeed, several nodes can share the same certificate, as long as we ensure that our trust configuration is not tampered with.

To build a self-signed certificate chain, begin by creating a certificate configuration file like this:

[ req ]
default_bits = 4096
default_keyfile = <hostname>.key
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
req_extensions = v3_req
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
C = <country code>
ST = <state>
L = <locality/city>
O = <domain>
OU = <organization, usually domain>
CN= <hostname>.<domain>
emailAddress = <email>
[v3_ca]
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always
basicConstraints = CA:true
[v3_req]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

Substitute the values in <> with whichever suits your organization. For this example, let’s call our host db, and our domain foo.bar, and create a file called db.cfg:

[ req ]
default_bits = 4096
default_keyfile = db.key
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
req_extensions = v3_req
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
C = SE
ST = Stockholm
L = Stockholm
O = foo.bar
OU = foo.bar
CN= db.foo.bar
emailAddress = postmaster@foo.bar
[v3_ca]
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always
basicConstraints = CA:true
[v3_req]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

Note

Please note that each new signed certificate should have different “CN=” in “req_distinguished_name” section. Otherwise it won’t pass openssl verify check.

Then, begin by generating a self-signing certificate authority key:

openssl genrsa -out cadb.key 4096

And using this, a certificate signing authority:

openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key cadb.key -days 3650 -config db.cfg -out cadb.pem

Now, generate a private key for our certificate:

openssl genrsa -out db.key 4096

And from this, a signing request:

openssl req -new -key db.key -out db.csr -config db.cfg

Then we can finally create and sign our certificate:

openssl x509 -req -in db.csr -CA cadb.pem -CAkey cadb.key -CAcreateserial  -out db.crt -days 365 -sha256

As a result, we should now have:

  • db.key - PEM format key that will be used by the database node.

  • db.crt - PEM format certificate for the db.key signed by the cadb.pem and used by database node.

  • cadb.pem - PEM format signing identity that can be used as a trust store. Use it to sign client certificates that will connect to the database nodes.

Place the files in a directory of your choice and make sure you set permissions so your Scylla instance can read them. Then update the server/client configuration to reference them.

When restarting Scylla with the new configuration, you should see the following messages in the log:

When node-to-node encryption is active:

Starting Encrypted Messaging Service on SSL port 7001

When client to node encryption is active:

Enabling encrypted CQL connections between client and server

See Also¶

  • Encryption: Encryption: Data in Transit Node to Node

  • Authorization

Copyright

© 2016, The Apache Software Foundation.

Apache®, Apache Cassandra®, Cassandra®, the Apache feather logo and the Apache Cassandra® Eye logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of the Apache Software Foundation in the United States and/or other countries. No endorsement by The Apache Software Foundation is implied by the use of these marks.

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